XV-15 Rotor Hover Validation. A Multifidelity Assessment of Rotor Performance Modeling

Aerospace
XV-15 Rotor Hover Validation — Flow360 validation

The XV-15 rotor is a widely studied and experimentally documented rotor, making it a strong validation case for rotor performance prediction. This benchmark validates Flow360's lower-fidelity rotor modeling approaches while also demonstrating the high accuracy achievable with DDES in one of the most challenging operating conditions, hover. The study evaluates XV-15 rotor hover performance across five blade pitch settings using a multifidelity modeling approach spanning BET disk, BET line, and DDES. Thrust, torque, and figure of merit predictions are compared across fidelity levels against experimental data. The results demonstrate strong agreement with experiment across the full set of operating conditions and show how Flow360 supports efficient rotor performance analysis at different levels of fidelity.

External reference data
M. D. Betzina, Rotor Performance of an Isolated Full-Scale XV-15 Tiltrotor in Helicopter Mode. https://rotorcraft.arc.nasa.gov/Publications/files/Betzina_AHS02.pdf
Validation plots

Comparison of Flow360 predictions against reference data. Click an image to expand.

DDES vs BET comparison
DDES vs BET comparison
CT and Figure of Merit
CT and Figure of Merit
Solver performance
SA-DDES hover simulation at 13° collective pitch with tip Mach 0.691 and 6° azimuthal resolution per time step.
Mesh resolution
36.44 M nodes
Cloud cost
87 FC
Time to solution
7.6 min
Hardware
64 × H200 GPUs
Run Settings
Simulation type
Unsteady
Time settings
10 revolutions, 6°/step